Clinical Utility of Systemic Inflammation Markers in Identifying Endometrial Hyperplasia and Adenocarcinoma

Abstract Introduction: Inflammation and its associated factors play a pivotal role in the development and progression of cancer. Inflammation markers, such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, and the systemic immune-inflammation index can be readily calculated to gauge the level of inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between these inflammation markers and their role in the progression stages of endometrial cancer. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on data collected from 154 patients. The patients were categorized into three groups: normal endometrium, hyperplasia with atypia, and endometrioid-type endometrial cancer. The differences in inflammation marker values among these groups were examined and identified. Results: The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) findings revealed a nonsignificant trend in differentiation between the study groups; however, a significant inverse relationship was observed in the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) values across the groups ( P = 0.037). Post hoc analysis further demonstrated a significant difference in SII values between the group with normal endometrium and group with endometrial cancer ( P = 0.042). Conclusion: These findings suggest that the SII and LMR show potential as biomarkers for distinguishing between endometrial pathologies in age-controlled patient cohorts.