Multiwavelength Study of Five Distant Transient Gamma-Ray AGNs with z > 1

Abstract The multiwavelength emissions, especially gamma-rays, of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are essential for studying the physical properties of jets emanating from supermassive black holes at galaxy centers. However, for high-redshift AGNs, it is challenging to identify their gamma-ray emissions due to limited angular resolution of gamma-ray instruments. In this work, using the infrared light curves of the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) and spectral measurements through Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR16 quasar observations, we assemble 64 mid-infrared flares with redshift z > 1 as the sample. Based on the Fermi-Large Area Telescope survey data, we search for gamma-ray emission from the 64 WISE sources. New quasi-simultaneous gamma-ray emissions are detected for five sample sources when their infrared emissions are at a flare state, and the infrared positions fall into the error bars of their best-fit gamma-ray positions, as well. We collect the optical data and historical data to perform a spectral energy distribution (SED) analysis. To investigate the multiband characteristics of these five gamma-ray AGNs at flare and quiescent states, a one-zone leptonic model is applied to reproduce their averaged SEDs.