GENDER BARRIER AS A HURDLE TO WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN PAKISTAN

In today’s competitive era, countries aiming for growth must prioritize entrepreneurship as a key component of economic development and income generation. In Pakistan, men have historically dominated entrepreneurial activities. However, with technological advances and increased access to higher education, women are increasingly entering this traditionally male-dominated field. This article explores the challenges faced by Pakistani women entrepreneurs, particularly those stemming from entrenched gender inequality in society. It highlights key barriers such as patriarchal norms, limited access to financial resources, and limited social and institutional support. These barriers impact women’s ability to launch and grow their enterprises, especially during critical stages such as start-up and business expansion. The article further highlights how these challenges hinder access to key resources such as markets, networks, and mentoring opportunities. The findings suggest that gender-based barriers significantly limit the economic contributions of women entrepreneurs in Pakistan. Overcoming these barriers requires policy interventions and support systems to promote gender equality in entrepreneurship. Addressing these issues can enable women to participate in the economy with greater confidence, independence, and self-direction.