High-Pressure Extraction, GC-MS Analysis, and In Silico Antihypertensive Activity of Physalis Angulata L. from South Sulawesi

Hypertension is a medical disease condition by an elevation in systolic blood pressure above 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure over 90 mmHg. The Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS) is a complex endogenous system in which RAAS controls the levels of sodium, potassium, and blood volume. One of the plants that has an antihypertensive effect is Physalis angulata L. or known as the ground berry. The high-pressure extraction method has several benefits, including its cost-effectiveness, shorter extraction durations, decreased reliance on hazardous solvents, and higher yields compared to traditional extraction methods. accomplished by those using classical extraction. The study is to examine the impact of High-Pressure Extraction on the percentage yield of the extract, and determine the component by GC-MS analysis, also the investigation will utilize the Molecular Docking approach to identify the compound's potential as antihypertensive agents, also to provide insights about the compound's physiochemical, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological aspects. The percent yield shows that extraction using the High-Pressure Extraction (HPE) method with a pressure of 600 MPa obtained the highest yield of 40.238%. Analysis of GC-MS showed hexadecanoic acid, ethyl esters, and 9.12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid (Z, Z, Z) - appearing at each HPE pressure. 6-Hydroxy-4,4,7a-trimethyl-5,6,7,7a-tetrahydrobenzofuran-2(4H)-one has the highest binding affinity value -7.1 Kcal/mol to 3BKK protein angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate has a highest bonding affinities value -7.0 Kcal/mol to 4ZUD protein angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB). The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) analysis suggests compounds from GC-MS analysis have better properties compared to standard drugs Captopril (ACE) and Valsartan (ARB) as antihypertensive.