PREVALENCE AND TRANSMISSIBILITY OF NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA IN HUMANS AND ANIMALS IN NOVOSIBIRSK OBLAST

Abstract. Introduction. Nontuberculous mycobacteria are found everywhere in the environment, including in various ecological reservoirs among wild and domestic animals, birds, fish, in human life, in soil, dust particles, in natural reservoirs, and in water distribution systems. Aim. To study the prevalence of various types of nontuberculous mycobacteria in humans and farm animals in Novosibirsk Oblast and assess the correlation of the prevalence of mycobacteriosis foci detected in medical and veterinary care systems. Materials and Methods. 219 samples of animal biomaterial consisting of lymph nodes of cattle and pigs, cattle lungs and small intestine, and the internal organs of pigeons from the farms of Novosibirsk Oblast were analyzed. The study included 50 cultures of nontuberculous mycobacteria obtained from pathomorphological material of animals, 54 samples from environmental objects, such water from various sources, manure, soil from pastures and grazing, and foods (silage, straw, and haylage). Species of cultures were further identified on the basis of Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute using the time-of-flight mass spectrometry method and on microchips. Results and Discussion. Among the pathogenic fast-growing non- tuberculous mycobacteria in Novosibirsk Oblast, M. abscessus, M. fortuitum, M. chelonae, and less often M. magerity and M. mucogenicum were found most frequently. Among non-pathogenic slow-growing species, M. septicum, M. perigrinum, M. duvalii, M. senegalense, and M. monacense were found. M. gordonae was more common, in addition to Novosibirsk, in the Kochenevsky, Ordynsky, Iskitim, and Toguchinsky districts. M.chelonae/M.abscessus complex was found in Novosibirsk and the Vengerovsky district, M. perigrinum in the Suzunsky district, while M. nonchromogenicum and M. fortuitum only in Novosibirsk. Among the samples obtained from animals, representatives of MAComplex were most often found: M. avium and M. intracellulare. M.avium was more common than M. intracellulare and was found in Vengerovsky, Karasuksky, Krasnozersky, Kochkovsky, Chulymsky, and Orda districts and in Novosibirsk. Conclusions. 3 possible foci were found in which cases of infection with mycobacteria of both humans and animals were detected. Therefore, humans and animals are able to create reservoirs of infection that increase the cross-infection likelihood.