Photoluminescence Properties of X-Ray Generated Divalent Sm in Mechanochemically Prepared Nanocrystalline CaF₂:Sm3+
In this study, the mechanochemical preparation of nanocrystalline CaF2:Sm3+ by ball milling calcium acetate hydrate, samarium (III) acetate hydrate, and ammonium fluoride is reported. The photoluminescence of the as-prepared CaF2:Sm3+ shows predominantly Sm3+ 4G5/2 → 6HJ(J = 5/2, 7/2, 9/2, and 11/2) f-f luminescence, but intense electric dipole allowed 4f55d (T1u) → 4f6 7F1 (T1g) luminescence by Sm2+ was generated upon X-irradiation. In comparison with the co-precipitated CaF2:Sm3+, the conversion of Sm3+→ Sm2+ in the ball-milled sample upon X-irradiation is significantly lower. Importantly, the present results indicate that the crystallite size and X-ray storage phosphor properties of the lanthanide-doped nanocrystalline CaF2 can be modified by adjusting the ball milling time, dopant concentration and post-annealing treatment, yielding crystallite sizes as low as 6 nm under specific experimental conditions.
Authors
- Nicolas Riesen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6803-0666)
- Z. Siti Rozaila
- Hans Riesen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3386-6551)
Institutions
- University of South Australia (AU)
- University of Canberra (AU)
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Inorganics
- Published
- 2024-12-20
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12120332
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.12
Funders
- University of New South Wales
- University of South Australia
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia