Evaluation for Establishing a Monitoring System to Reach Sustainability in New York State’s Bioeconomy

New York State (NYS) is actively promoting the transition to a bioeconomy to address climate change, reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and foster sustainable development. This study aims to evaluate the potential of NYS’s bioeconomy, as outlined in the scoping plan guided by the Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act (CLCPA), in achieving net-zero emissions by 2050. The primary objectives are to assess the bioeconomy’s role in meeting climate targets by quantifying its contributions to GHG mitigation and renewable energy integration and to propose a robust monitoring framework for tracking progress. The study also examines the socioeconomic benefits of bioeconomy initiatives, particularly for disadvantaged communities (DACs), and identifies key dimensions and indicators for sustainability monitoring. The hypothesis tested posits that an integrated bioeconomy strategy can simultaneously address environmental, social, and economic goals. Findings reveal that while biomass resources offer significant opportunities for GHG mitigation and economic growth, challenges remain in feedstock estimation, deployment readiness, and stakeholder coordination. A comprehensive monitoring framework is proposed to guide policy decisions and ensure alignment with sustainability objectives. This research provides actionable insights to advance NYS’s bioeconomy, emphasizing inclusivity, environmental stewardship, and resilience.