The current state of the issue of drug-induced hypoprolactinemia

Hypoprolactinemia is the least studied hormonal deficiency of the anterior pituitary gland. To date, most studies have been devoted to hyperprolactinemia, and there is practically no data on it in the Russian literature. The purpose of the review is to analyze current literature data on drug–induced hypoprolactinemia and its clinical consequences. The following keywords and their combinations in Russian and English were used for the search: “hypoprolactinemia”, “drug-induced hypoprolactinemia”, “pituitary gland”, “adenoma”, “prolactinoma”, “dopamine receptor agonists”, “antipsychotic drugs”. As a result of the selection, 82 studies were included in the review. Human prolactin is a multifunctional hormone that performs many tasks besides stimulating lactation. Unlike hyperprolactinemia, which is characterized by a clear clinical phenotype and the availability of treatment recommendations, the studies of hypoprolactinemia are relatively new. Modern ideas about the ideal level of prolactin in men and women remain incomplete. Drug-induced hypoprolactinemia is usually determined based on the lower limit of the reference values based on the results of tests and can be detected by various specialists, including endocrinologists, therapists, psychologists and psychiatrists. This problem opens up opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration. Patients with hypoprolactinemia need to be monitored for metabolic, cardiovascular, psychological and sexual disorders.