Effect of Biomarkers on Predicting Mortality in COVID-19 Pneumonias: A Retrospective Clinical Study

The clinical presentation of patients seeking care in emergency departments with a COVID-19 diagnosis varies widely, ranging from mild upper respiratory tract infections to severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiple organ failure, leading to fatalities [3,5].Certain biomarkers, including hematocrit (Htc), hemoglobin (Hb), amylase, lipase, lactate, and interleukin 6 (IL-6), are used in clinics and intensive care units (ICUs) for diagnosis, effective treatment, and prognosis assessment of patients with COVID-19.Proper interpretation of these parameters is essential for accurate clinical decision-making and successful treatment [6,7].A meta-analysis revealed associations between low Hb,