EFFECT OF LOCAL INFLAMMATORY CHANGES IN THE TRACHEOBRONCHIAL TREE ON THE TREATMENT OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS AFTER COLLAPSE SURGERY

Introduction. Against the background of the low therapeutic treatment effects and the persistence of destructive changes in the lungs, surgical treatments, including resection, are becoming increasingly important. Surgical treatment is an important component in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients. The therapeutic treatments of pulmonary tuberculosis patients have their own capabilities and limits. Aim. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency and nature of postoperative complications, as well as the immediate and long–term outcomes of collapse surgeries in pulmonary tuberculosis patients, based on the presence of local inflammatory changes in the bronchial tree. Materials and Methods. A prospective cohort study was conducted, including 132 pulmonary tuberculosis patients who underwent collapse surgeries: Those having inflammatory changes in their bronchial trees were in the first, main group (n = 109), while those without any inflammatory changes in their bronchi were in the second, comparison group (n = 23). Treatment efficacy, postoperative complications, and changes in the indices of external respiration function were assessed. Results and Discussion. It was found that the presence of local inflammatory phenomena of the tracheobronchial tree in pulmonary tuberculosis patients initially affects the indices of external respiration function in patients with damaged tracheobronchial tree: Vital capacity of the lungs was on average 10.03% lower than in the second group. Collapse-surgery treatment leads to a more significant (on average, by 5%) decrease in the vital capacity of the lungs and forced vital capacity of the lungs in the first group than in the second group. By the 12th month, a significant improvement was achieved in 64.22% of patients in the first group. In 21.1% of patients in the first group and 21.74% of patients in the second group, progression of the tuberculosis process was noted after surgery. Conclusions. Conducting collapse surgery leads to a more significant (on average by 5%) decrease in the vital capacity of the lungs and forced vital capacity of the lungs in the first group than in the second group (p <0.001); by the 12th month, significant improvement was achieved in 64.22% of patients in the first group; the presence of local inflammatory phenomena of the tracheobronchial tree in pulmonary tuberculosis patients initially affects the indices of external respiration function: Vital capacity of the lungs is on average 10.03% lower than in the second group (p <0.001), forced vital capacity is 8.18% lower than in the second group (p <0.001), the Tiffno index is 10.3% lower (p <0.001).