Nonequilibrium wall model for large eddy simulations of complex flows exhibiting turbulent smooth body separation

We propose a nonequilibrium wall model for improving the predictions of flow separation in complex, turbulent boundary layers. Improved predictability of smooth body separation at multiple Reynolds and Mach numbers in flows over the NASA/Boeing speed bump and the Bachalo-Johnson bumps is demonstrated at resolutions where the equilibrium model fails to separate. Scaling arguments, followed by $a$ $p\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}o\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}s\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}t\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}e\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}r\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}o\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}r\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i$ verification suggest a weaker scaling of the required resolutions to capture flow separation using the proposed model compared to standard equilibrium closures.