CARACTERIZAÇÕES FÍSICO-QUÍMICAS DAS CERÂMICAS DO SÍTIO ARQUEOLÓGICO ININGA, TERESINA, PIAUÍ

PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATIONS OF CERAMICS FROM THE ININGA ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE IN TERESINA, PIAUÍ. This article aims to carry out a chemical and morphological study of ceramic artifacts prospected at the Ininga Archaeological Site, Teresina, PI, Brazil. These samples of historical value, which were produced by the Native American population of the Tupi ethnic group, were subjected to analysis by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (FRX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results demonstrated that there are similarities between the ceramic fragments, both macro and microscopically, demonstrating that there is a similar origin and manufacturing method between them. Thus, suggesting that they were all produced by the same human group and the pieces are contemporary with each other. Through the studies it was also possible to determine the most abundant chemical and mineral elements in the sample composition. Given all the data observed, and with the help of the archeology team responsible for the Site, which provided important data regarding the ceramic culture of the Tupi people, it was possible to conclude that the present study is of unique importance for the Ininga Archaeological Site, as it refers to pioneering identification and characterization work that will serve as a basis for subsequent studies.