Tradeoff Between Communication and Sensing: A Blockchain Perspective

Aiming at providing a trusted sharing environment for spectrum sharing and achieving efficient spectrum sharing simultaneously, this paper investigates the tradeoff scheme between sensing and access in spectrum sharing from the perspective of blockchain. Firstly, a consensus mechanism based on credit contribution (<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$CC$</tex-math></inline-formula>) is proposed by combining the sensing ability of secondary users (SUs) in cooperative spectrum sharing (CSS) with the consensus mechanism of blockchain, in which SUs can increase <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$CC$</tex-math></inline-formula> by strengthening their sensing ability. However, improving the sensing ability means increasing the sensing time while reducing the access time. Therefore, there is a tradeoff between sensing time and access time in the perspective of blockchain. Secondly, to obtain <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$CC$</tex-math></inline-formula> of SUs, a <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$CC$</tex-math></inline-formula> evaluation scheme based on extended sensing time and transmission results is designed. In addition, under the constraint of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$CC$</tex-math></inline-formula>, it is proved that the tradeoff between sensing and access in the perspective of blockchain can be solved by the golden section algorithm. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed tradeoff scheme can achieve trusted and efficient spectrum sharing.