Research on UAV intelligent inspection technology in urban rail transit

With the expansion and increasing complexity of urban rail transit networks, the inspection and maintenance of rail facilities are facing growing challenges. Traditional manual inspection methods are inefficient, high-risk, and in-sufficient to meet the safety management needs of modern rail transit. With the rapid development of the low-altitude economy, UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles), due to their flexibility and automation advantages, have gradually become an effective alternative to manual inspections. This paper explores the application of intelligent inspection technology using UAVs in urban rail transit, analyzing inspection scenarios in stations, main line sections, and depots. It elaborates on the advantages of UAV-based intelligent inspections in track detection, catenary monitoring, structural monitoring, and water accumulation monitoring. By introducing the composition of UAV intelligent inspection systems and their intelligent analysis technologies, this paper proposes the organizational and functional architecture design for UAV-based inspections, addressing key technical challenges such as data transmission and flight altitude control. The study demonstrates that UAV intelligent inspection technology can significantly improve inspection efficiency and ac-curacy, reduce safety risks, and holds broad application prospects.