Research on the impact mechanism of airport operation based on life cycle theory

In order to explore the impact mechanism of airport operation under the role of multi-factors, and the change of the role of different levels of influence factors on airport operation over time. This paper proposes the definition of airport operation life cycle and determines the evaluation dimensions of airport operation influencing factors based on the multi-level perspective method. The structural equation model of airport operation is constructed to quantitatively analyze the path relationship between the influencing factors of airport operation, and to analyze the magnitude of the role of each level of influencing factors on airport operation. Finally, the airport clusters are categorized into two types, high development stage and low development stage, to explore the changes of airport operation impact mechanism in different development stages. The results show that the role of city economy on airport construction has the greatest influence among all paths, with a total path effect coefficient of 0.855. The city level has the greatest influence on airport operation, accounting for 54.38%, and the nation level has the least influence on airport operation, accounting for 4.33%. Airport operation in the low development stage are more dependent on city development, while airport operation in the high development stage are estranged from the city and gradually become an independent operational entity.