Polyherbal approaches to acne treatment: Natural solution

Acne is a chronic inflammatory condition of the pilosebaceous unit caused by androgen-induced changes in keratinization, inflammation, and sebum production. It often affects the face, back, and chest due to clogged hair follicles from oil, dead skin cells, and bacterial colonization, primarily by Propionibacterium acnes. Hormonal changes during adolescence, family history, and possibly early P. acnes colonization contribute to its development. While dietary factors have been suggested, evidence remains inconclusive. Acne affects 9.4% of the global population and is particularly prevalent among teenagers, with over 85% experiencing some form. It can persist into adulthood, particularly in women, and is a common reason for dermatologist visits.Acne lesions are classified as inflammatory (papules, pustules, nodules, cysts) or non-inflammatory (open/black and closed/white comedones), both of which can lead to pigmentation and scarring. Variants include drug-induced acne, acne fulminans, and acne mechanica. Severe forms can cause permanent skin damage and social distress, particularly in adolescence when self-image is critical. Treatment options include topical agents like retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, and antibiotics, as well as systemic therapies such as oral antibiotics, hormonal therapy, and isotretinoin. Herbal remedies, using plants like neem and turmeric, are increasingly popular due to their minimal side effects. Advances in understanding acne's pathophysiology have led to new therapeutic combinations. Consistent care and treatment tailored to individual needs are essential to manage acne, prevent scarring, and improve quality of life.