Numerical simulation and electromagnetic parameter retrieve: performance evaluation of metamaterials under TE and TM polarization conditions

Abstract This study introduces a novel metamaterial design employing a bent-line unit cell structure optimized for electromagnetic applications under TE and TM polarization conditions. By leveraging the Floquet theorem and an inversion algorithm, the research extracts equivalent electromagnetic parameters to achieve efficient and precise simulations over various frequencies and incident angles. The proposed metamaterial demonstrates remarkable frequency stability, wide bandwidth, and consistent performance across polarization states and incident angles (0°–60°), with resonance frequency deviations below 1%. Experimental validation confirms the accuracy of the design, highlighting its potential for advanced communication, sensing, and antenna systems. The findings underscore the advantages of the proposed approach, including enhanced computational efficiency and improved simulation processes, making it a promising pathway for metamaterial optimization in diverse electromagnetic environments.