Primary evaluation the effects of Boesenbergia pandurata ethanol extract on etoposide-induced senescence in fibroblasts

Introduction: Cellular senescence is an extensively researched issue aimed at influencing the aging process. A novel research direction involves studying the potential of plant extracts on this process. Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb.) Schltr, also known as Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf, is a herb with significant potential for research into its effects on aging. Furthermore, it is crucial to study cellular senescence models to accurately assess the impact of various agents on the aging process. Methods: In this study, the ethanol extract of Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb.) Schltr was evaluated for its potential effects on certain characteristics of senescent fibroblasts derived from foreskin, which were induced by etoposide. The cells were treated with 20 μM etoposide for 48 hours to induce senescence. Results: The study demonstrated that treating fibroblasts with 20 μM etoposide for 48 hours induces senescence characteristics. Additionally, administering the ethanol extract of Boesenbergia pandurata at a concentration of 15 μg/ml ameliorated several features of senescence in fibroblasts. The treatment resulted in a 27% reduction in cell size (p < 0.05), a 1.2-fold decrease in SA-β-Galactosidase enzyme activity (p < 0.0001), and reduced gene expression of p16, p21, and p53. Conclusion: We established a senescent fibroblast model using 20 μM etoposide and demonstrated that the finger root extract at 15 μg/ml improved various senescence-related cellular characteristics, suggesting its potential as an anti-aging agent.