The Influence of the Ecological Situation in Ukraine on the Life Expectancy and Health of the Population

Abstract The article is devoted to the interdependence between the environment and the health of the population of Ukraine. The processes of destructive changes in the ecosystem of the regions of Ukraine, the use of human capital, and the dependence of public health on the environment have become the object of study and constitute the main goals of this study. To achieve the goals, general scientific and special methods of analysis and techniques were used: economic analysis and comparison – to assess the health status of the population, correlation–regression method – to build a system of equations and identify the dependence of the mortality rate on the impact of environmental factors, the grouping method – to analyze indicators of population morbidity by regions of Ukraine, induction and deduction. With the help of these techniques, the cause-and-effect relationships of the population’s morbidity and the influence of environmental factors on their dynamics were studied. To characterize the qualitative state of the environment in Ukraine, laboratory methods were used – the method of threshold limit value (TLV) of water, air, soil pollution, etc. To assess the quality of the living environment, an index method was used (the suitability index is a synthetic indicator of the quality of the living environment). Statistical data for the analysis were taken from the information bulletins of the State Sanitary Epidemiological Service for 2021‒2022, the statistical yearbook of Ukraine for 2019‒2021, and the Center for Health Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. It was determined that the prospects of the national economy will depend on the one hand, on the ability to quickly and effectively adapt to the new, modern requirements of globalization processes and on the other hand, on the consciousness of the population and the rational use of natural resources. It has been proven that the solution of medical and environmental problems directly depends on the professionalism of personnel and the motivation to preserve the environment for future generations. The quality of the living environment of the population depends on a safe environment and rational nature management.