Guardians of the Sand: A Comprehensive Vulnerability Assessment of Coastal Dune Ecosystems through Multi-Criteria Checklists

Jóia Santos, C. and Ferreira, J.C., 2024. Guardians of the sand: A comprehensive vulnerability assessment of coastal dune ecosystems through multi-criteria checklists. In: Phillips, M.R.; Al-Naemi, S., and Duarte, C.M. (eds.), Coastlines under Global Change: Proceedings from the International Coastal Symposium (ICS) 2024 (Doha, Qatar). Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 113, pp. 427-431. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Dunes are valuable, yet vulnerable, ecosystems which provide coastal protection by absorbing wave energy and shielding communities from flooding. This study assesses dune ecosystem vulnerability along the Portuguese coast, where, by using a multi-criteria vulnerability assessment checklist, South Fonte da Telha Beach foredunes were evaluated twice, revealing high vulnerability: erosion scored 92,8% amid severe winter weather, while artificial nourishment reached 100%. Subsequent assessments, during autumn, highlighted the same indices, yet fixation of sand by vegetation (75%) and the spatial planning of the dune system (75%) were also raised as primary concerns. Degradation, attributed to erosive tendencies and human impact, impedes regeneration. Proposed interventions include native flora restoration, elevated pathways, traffic control, and community engagements sessions, aiming for enhanced coastal resilience and community protection.