OPTOELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF CdS THIN FILMS DOPED WITH SODIUM (Na) ALKALI METAL AT DIFFERENT RATES FOR SOLAR CELL APPLICATIONS

In this study, we investigated how the structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties of cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin films change with different ratios of Sodium (Na) alkali metal doping. First, CdS films were deposited on the fluorine-doped thin oxide (FTO) substrates by the chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique. The CdS:Na thin films were obtained by adding sodium chloride (NaCl) salt to the chemical bath at 20, 30, 40, and 50[Formula: see text]mM concentrations, respectively. Structural, electrical, and optical properties of the alkali metal-doped CdS thin films were investigated by using FE-SEM, XRD, HEMS, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and SEM mapping studies revealed the presence and homogeneous distribution of individual elements. It was observed that especially the doping with concentrations of 30 and 40[Formula: see text]mM affected the properties of the CdS thin film more positively compared to other concentrations and the structural and electrical properties of the characteristic properties of the obtained film were improved.