USE OF MATERIALS FROM THE HISTORY OF GEOGRAPHICAL DISCOVERIES AND RESEARCH IN THE STUDY OF THE NATURE OF AFRICA

This work analyzes and considers methodological aspects of using materials from the history of geographical discoveries and research in studying the nature of continents using the example of Africa. The content part of the history of geographical discoveries and research in Africa from ancient times has been systematized for their study in the school course of geography of continents and oceans. The significance of these data in increasing the effectiveness of students' educational activities is shown. The use of materials from the history of geographical discoveries and research in studying the nature of Africa includes several areas: retrospection of geographical discoveries and research of the continent with the allocation and characterization of the main stages of this process; characterization of natural zones, large natural and territorial complexes of the continent, which were visited by this or that researcher; use of the method of scientific and biographical characteristics. Active learning of geography is associated with the use of modern pedagogical technologies and teaching aids, among which an important role belongs to the problem-based approach and the use of the latest interactive technologies. It is advisable to use such modern technical teaching aids as electronic atlases, textbooks, manuals, popular science films when studying topics related to the consideration of the nature of the continents. This makes it possible to significantly expand and improve the tools of school geographical education, which makes it possible to take into account the individual characteristics of students, activate their cognitive activity, promote the development of their creative abilities, ensure feedback with objective diagnostics and assessment of educational results. Also, the use of materials from the history of geographical discoveries and research when studying school geography courses is possible in the form of game activities, making imaginary trips along selected routes. The use of materials from the history of geographical discoveries and research in studying school geography courses involves the creative application of the potential arsenal of technologies, methods and means of teaching geography, which will generally contribute to increasing the effectiveness of assimilation of program material.