Understanding Poland syndrome: a collaborative approach to patient care

Background and objectives. Poland syndrome is a rare congenital condition characterized by the underdevelopment of the chest muscles and upper limb abnormalities, commonly presenting with brachy syndactyly. This case report details the successful staging of plastic surgery in a 3-year-old boy with Poland syndrome, who had a significant deformity in his left hand. The aim is to describe the importance of early diagnostic imaging, the surgical strategy, outcomes, and the challenges faced during the staged correction process. Materials and methods. A 3-year-old boy with Poland syndrome presented with underdevelopment of the left pectoral muscles and significant brachysyndactyly of the left hand. A multidisciplinary team developed a comprehensive, staged surgical plan to address these deformities by corrective surgery on the left hand, including digit lengthening and syndactyly release. Postoperative management included monitoring for complications and a structured rehabilitation program to enhance hand function. Results. Over 12 months, the staged surgical procedures were completed successfully. Hand surgery significantly improved digit length and separation, resulting in enhanced grip strength and fine motor skills. Postoperative imaging confirmed the correction of bony and soft tissue abnormalities. The patient showed marked improvements in both physical function and psychosocial well-being. Conclusions. Early diagnosis through appropriate imaging and Staged plastic surgery for the correction of Poland syndrome-related deformities in a young child, particularly involving the left hand, can result in excellent functional and cosmetic outcomes. Early intervention, precise surgical planning, and a multidisciplinary approach are crucial for successful treatment.