Enhancing cardio-cerebrovascular therapy through biomimetic platelet membrane coating

Integrating nanotechnology and biomimetic techniques is a significant progress in disease management. This review focuses on the application of platelet membrane–based biomimetic carriers and emphasizes their potential use in cardio-cerebrovascular therapy. Platelet membranes have attracted significant interest because of their distinctive characteristics, specifically in blood clotting and the healing of wounds; research is focused on utilizing the inherent characteristics of platelet membranes to develop novel methods for delivering drugs. Bilayer that is characteristic of platelet membrane–coated nanoparticles enables effective encapsulation and transportation of therapeutic drugs, rendering them suitable as drug delivery vehicles. Even so, the difficulties linked to drug administration using platelet membranes, such as the possibility of causing an immune response or having limited mechanical qualities, can be resolved by employing natural or imitated methods. For instance, spider silk, whether in its native form or modified, can be used as a template to enhance mechanical characteristics of platelet membranes, increasing their appropriateness for drug delivery purposes. In addition, including other features, such as PEGylation or antioxidant encapsulation, can further improve effectiveness of platelet membrane–coated nanoparticles. This review provides insight into using nanoparticles coated with platelet membranes and biopolymers as carriers for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular therapies.