Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome-Induced Thrombocytopenia in a Patient With HIV and Coccidioidomycosis

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is imperative in managing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. HAART aims to inhibit viral replication and improve immunity. Antiretroviral therapy has led to significant improvement in CD4-T cell counts and reductions in viral load, leading to improved overall immune function, increased survival, and decreased frequency of opportunistic infections. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is defined by a hyperinflammatory immune response within six months of initial treatment with HAART. It is caused by dysregulated inflammatory immune responses against pathogens. Herein, we discuss a rare presentation of IRIS-induced thrombocytopenia in a 20-year-old Hispanic male patient.