Angioembolization as the treatment for a misdiagnosed scrotal arteriovenous malformation: A case report and literature review

Scrotal Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare congenital vascular anomaly which presents with swelling, heaviness, pain and bleeding in inguinal and scrotal area and in some cases it may result in azoospermia and infertility. Therefore, this can be misdiagnosed with other usual pathologies of scrotum such as hernia and varicocele. In this study, we present a case of a scrotal AVM which was misdiagnosed as varicocele followed by unnecessary varicocelectomy, after which diagnostic angiography was performed and showed presence of AVM. Accordingly, successful angioembolization was performed for the patient. At the 6-month follow-up, all the symptoms had relieved.