Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast containing three histological components: a case report

Malignant breast tumors mainly arise from the ductal and lobular epithelium, whereas sarcomas, which originate from the stromal tissues of the breast, account for less than 5% of cases. Mostly, these tumors consist of a single tissue type, rendering malignant breast tumors with three distinct tissue types exceedingly rare. We report a unique case of a malignant breast tumor comprising three tissue types: squamous cell carcinoma (approximately 25%), invasive ductal carcinoma (approximately 5%), and fibrosarcoma (approximately 70%). Given the case's rarity, pre-operative imaging and tumor biopsy failed to yield definitive diagnostic information, we detail the patient's clinical and therapeutic process, providing insights for physicians on clinical diagnosis and treatment.