MIMO Antenna Microstrip for Future Railway Mobile Communication Systems (FRMCS)

This paper proposes a rectangular patch microstrip antenna design for future railway mobile communication system (FRMCS) operating at 1893–1906 MHz. The antenna is config-ured as a 4-patch multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system using RO3003 copper substrates for the ground plane and patch elements focusing on achieving superior return loss character-istics through careful adjustments in substrate thickness. The utilization of RO3003 copper substrate ensures low dielectric loss and stable electrical properties. We address impedance matching challenges and maximize gain to ensure robust signal propagation and reception in the dynamic, high-speed environment typical of railway operations. We use advanced electromagnetic simulation tools to model the antenna's behavior under various operational conditions complemented by practical measurements to validate the performance metrics. The results demonstrate that the pro-posed antenna has good performance, highlighting its suitability for reliable wireless communication which is critical for FRM CS applications.