Optimized Design of a Compact Dual-Band Patch Antenna for High-Speed 5G Connectivity at 28/38 GHz in Next-Generation Smartphones using RBFNN

This paper introduces a compact dual-band patch antenna designed for efficient operation at both 28 GHz and 38 GHz frequencies. The precise determination of critical dimensions, essential for achieving dual resonance frequencies, is accomplished through advanced Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) techniques. The proposed antenna’s performance is thoroughly evaluated using sophisticated simulations in both HFSS and CST electromagnetic simulators. Operating in the dual-band spectrum, the antenna effectively meets the stringent requirements of 5G mmWave communication. Its compact form, with dimensions of 11.3×7.2×0.8 mm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup>, makes it suitable for applications limited by space constraints. The antenna exhibits an outstanding gain of 4.8 dB and bandwidth, covering frequencies from 25 to 30 GHz (5 GHz) and 35.2 to 42 GHz (6.8 GHz) for the first and second bands, respectively. This performance aligns impeccably with the multifaceted demands of 5G mmWave communication. Furthermore, the results obtained using HFSS and CST show good agreement, providing good validation of the design.