Research on Real-Time Temperature Monitoring System for Dry-Type Transformers Based on Optical Fiber Sensing

Transformer overheating is a critical factor affecting the reliability of power systems. Traditional temperature control strategies either fail to closely track load variations or struggle to achieve comprehensive internal temperature monitoring of the transformer. To address this issue, this paper constructs a transformer fiber optic temperature measurement system, achieving three-dimensional visualized real-time monitoring of the surface temperature of core components. Firstly, this paper designs a multimode fiber routing scheme and determines the installation positions for fiber Bragg grating sensors. Subsequently, loss testing and compensation were conducted to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results. A temperature rise experiment was then performed, and the results were compared with thermal imaging to verify the accuracy of the temperature monitoring system. Based on the experimental data, the changes in hotspot positions and temperature rise patterns of various core components were analyzed. Finally, the developed algorithms for loss calibration, noise reduction processing, and visualization were integrated into software, realizing three-dimensional visualized real-time monitoring of the surface temperature distribution of the transformer. This provides a solution for the digital twin of the transformer.