Enhancing Energy Efficiency and Sustainability with Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids for Energy Transition

The transition to a lower-carbon energy system across Europe brings numerous opportunities and challenges, necessitating advancements in sustainable and eco-friendly energy solutions. This study examines the design and operation of distribution networks and microgrids, particularly emphasizing the integration of hybrid AC/DC distribution systems. The primary goals of this integration are to enhance overall system performance and reduce operating expenses. Utilizing DIgSILENT Power Factory software, the research simulates a microgrid at the FOSS Research Center for Sustainable Energy at the University of Cyprus, incorporating real load and PV generation data. In order to reduce the amount of energy imported from the main grid, this approach evaluates various combinations of AC and DC loads, power production units, and energy storage solutions. The results show that the most optimal structure, with 65% DC loads and 35% AC loads, maximizes efficiency as well as minimizes running expenses. The analysis highlights a notable decrease in imported energy, which dropped from 60.3 kWh/day at full AC loads to 51.6 kWh/day at the optimal DC ratio. Finally, the design and implementation of effective, sustainable energy systems that are in line with changing European energy policy and technology breakthroughs will be significantly impacted by these outcomes.