Diabetes Mellitus Classification Using Machine Learning Algorithms with Hyperparameter Tuning

Diabetes Mellitus is a prevalent condition globally, marked by elevated blood sugar levels resulting from either insufficient production of insulin or the body cells' inability to respond appropriately to released insulin. For people with diabetes to lead healthy, normal lives, early identification and treatment of the condition are essential. With the need to move away from current traditional procedures, towards a noninvasive methodology, machine learning and data mining technologies can be very useful in the classification of diabetes. Creating an effective machine learning model for the classification of diabetes mellitus was the primary goal of this research. This work is primarily carried out on combined Pima Indian diabetes dataset and German Frankfurt diabetes dataset. The class imbalance issue has been resolved using Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique. One-hot encoding is applied to convert categorial features to numerical and various single and ensemble classifiers with the best hyperparameters obtained using GridSearchCV method were employed on the pre-processed dataset. With an AUC of 0.98 and maximum accuracy of 98.79%, the Random Forest ensemble technique outperformed the other models, according to the experimental results. As a result, the algorithm might be used to predict diabetes and alert doctors to serious cases that call for emergency care.