PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF ELECTRIC PROPULSION SYSTEMS FOR SMALL SPACE VEHICLES

This article discusses the prospects of using electric propulsion engines for small spacecraft, the current state of research, practical applications, and future directions in this field. Electric propulsion systems have several advantages over conventional chemical engines, including higher specific impulse, longer lifespan, and reduced fuel consumption. These advantages make electric propulsion systems particularly suitable for small satellites operating in low Earth orbit (LEO), where maintaining stability and maneuverability is crucial. The aim of this article is to analyze the current state of electric propulsion systems for small spacecraft, identify existing challenges, and outline future research pathways. The most promising technologies include Hall effect thrusters, plasma engines, and microelectric engines. To fully realize the benefits of electric propulsion technologies, issues such as energy availability, system integration, and standardization must be addressed. Future research should prioritize the development of hybrid systems that combine electric propulsion with innovative solutions for power generation, thereby enhancing the operational capabilities of small satellites. As the demand for satellite capabilities continues to grow, improving electric propulsion systems will enhance their reliability and performance, as well as the operational capabilities of small satellites.