Networked Evolutionary Game-Based Energy Trading Strategy for Smart Grid With Time-Varying Delays

This article investigates energy trading management involving users, suppliers, and the utility company, focusing on a periodic energy trading mechanism that incorporates time-varying delays in the information transmission process. Compared with previous studies, the time-varying delays considered in this paper are different among participants. The time-varying delays for each participant are distributed according to an independent probability. A novel model for energy trading with time-varying delays is proposed using networked evolutionary game theory. Based on the algebraic state space representation, a criterion is provided for determining the convergence of the networked evolutionary game-based energy trading model. In order to converge all strategies of the networked evolutionary game-based energy trading model to the target game equilibrium set, a networked evolutionary game-based energy trading model with strategy feedback control is proposed. Then, an algorithm is presented for designing the strategy feedback control gain, which enables the strategies of all users and suppliers to converge to the target game equilibrium set, thereby regulating energy trading prices to the desired level. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified through an illustrative example.