Insights into Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma : A case report and management

Background: Cemento-ossifying fibroma (COF) is a rare, benign tumor that typically affects the mandible and is more common in young to middle-aged women. It is characterized by the replacement of bone with a combination of fibrous tissue and calcified material. Case Presentation: A 29-year-old female presented with gradual facial asymmetry due to a hard, bony swelling on the left side of her mandible. Clinical and radiographic evaluations, including orthopantomogram (OPG) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), revealed a well-defined lesion with varying degrees of mineralization. Elevated alkaline phosphatase levels supported the diagnosis. An initial biopsy confirmed COF, leading to a complete surgical excision of the tumor under general anesthesia. Conclusion: This case underscores the importance of comprehensive clinical and radiological assessment in diagnosing cemento-ossifying fibroma. Successful surgical management restored facial symmetry and prevented further complications. This report highlights COF’s clinical features and the need for careful differential diagnosis in similar cases, particularly in regions with higher incidence like South Asia.