Evaluation of feed intake, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of West African dwarf rams fed mango leaves, Napier grass, Neem Seed Cake, and concentrate for fattening

This study assessed the growth performance, feed intake, carcass, and non-carcass characteristics of West African Dwarf (WAD) rams fed diets containing mango leaves (ML), neem seed cake (NSC), Napier grass (NG), and concentrate over 92 days. The research aimed to address the problem of forage scarcity and rising feed costs in tropical regions by evaluating the potential of ML and NSC as alternative feed resources. Forty rams were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments, each with ten replicates, and monitored for feed intake, weight gain, and carcass parameters. The results demonstrated that diets containing ML and NSC (Diets B and D) significantly improved growth and carcass characteristics. Diet B recorded the highest hot carcass weight (6.01 kg), while Diet D showed superior organ weights, including liver and kidney. Average feed intake ranged from 10.67 kg (Diet C) to 11.13 kg (Diet A), with notable differences in slaughter weights and carcass yields. ML and NSC diets provided superior nutrient profiles, with crude protein content of 18.4 % and 23.88 %, respectively, contributing to improved productivity. The findings indicate that ML and NSC can serve as sustainable, cost-effective alternatives to traditional feeds, addressing the challenges of feed scarcity and high costs. These results are particularly applicable for smallholder farmers in tropical regions, offering a practical approach to enhancing sheep production and food security. Future research should focus on determining optimal inclusion rates and evaluating the economic feasibility of these feed resources