The use of a percutaneous cystostomy tube as an adjunctive treatment option for dogs with idiopathic functional outflow tract obstruction

Most dogs that received a percutaneous cystostomy tube as part of their management plan had a good to excellent outcome, particularly when compared to those that did not, despite the high rate of tube-related complications. Percutaneous cystostomy tubes could be considered early during management for FOO to improve overall outcomes.