Prevalence and Characteristics of Anorectal Diseases in a Tertiary Care Setting

Background: Anorectal diseases encompass a range of conditions affecting the rectum and anus ranging from benign to potentially serious pathologies. Understanding their prevalence, clinical presentation, and management is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Methods: This study investigates the prevalence, characteristics, and clinical presentations of anorectal diseases in Central India. A descriptive observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital involving 236 patients. Data collection included demographic details, clinical history, and diagnostic findings. Hemorrhoids (35.59%) and fissure in ano (33.05%) were most common conditions. Constipation was reported in 59.3% of participants, suggesting its role as a contributing factor. The findings underscore the need for targeted management strategies for anorectal diseases, particularly in older age groups and males. Results: The mean age of participants was 47.38 years, with the majority falling in the age group of ?56 years (29.24%). The gender distribution was 65.68% male and 34.32% female. Hemorrhoids were the most common diagnosis (35.59%), followed by Fissure in Ano (33.05%). Nearly 60% of participants had a history of constipation. Conclusion: Hemorrhoids and fissure in Ano were the most prevalent anorectal diseases in this study with constipation being a common contributing factor.