Modeling of a shaped cutter in high-speed steel type HSS 18-0-1

During the monitoring of cutting tools in machining workshops, we observed that shaped cutters work under severe conditions. This study aims to improve their mechanical properties and increase their efficiency. Two essential factors influence these tools: geometry and heat treatment. In this study, we focused on analyzing the geometry. To do so, we determined the critical points of the cutting edge along the tooth profile. We applied a distributed load along the tooth and used the CASTEM software to identify sensitive zones by determining Von Mises stresses and tangential stresses. The tool selected for this study is a shaped cutter made from high-speed steel HSS 18-0-1. Our results show that specific areas on the cutting edge are subject to high stress concentrations, which could lead to premature wear or failure. By understanding these stress distributions, we can propose adjustments to the cutter’s geometry to enhance durability. Additionally, the load analysis provides insights into optimizing the shape of the cutting edge for improved cutting performance. We further discuss the influence of tool geometry on heat dissipation during the cutting process, which is crucial for maintaining tool integrity under high-speed conditions.