The Google dilemma: as hyper-profits generation continues apace, the EU Commission’s enforcement approach fails to deter Google from engaging in exclusionary multi-market anti-competitive activities

Recently designated as an EU Digital Markets Act “gatekeeper”, this article examines Google’s history of engaging in exclusionary anti-competitive practices in Europe, leveraging its dominance from one online market to another, adversely affecting consumers and competition along the way, and raises the question whether current fining levels are a sufficient deterrent to large online platforms who generate hundreds of billions of dollars every year.