Probiotic Strain Lactobacillus fermentum as a Potential Agent for the Reversal of Non-Periodontal Microorganisms Induced Cognitive Dysfunctions

The gastrointestinal tract of mammals consists of trillions of microorganisms including beneficial and non-beneficial floras termed as gut microflora. These beneficial gut microfloras are responsible for maintaining homeostasis mechanism of physiological functions including cognitive health. However, disturbance in this gut microflora results in the formation of gut dysbiosis. Gut dysbiosis results in the reduced synthesis and transport of neurotransmitter precursor compounds from the gut to the brain which causes impairment in the synthesis of neurotransmitters. The reduced synthesis of neurotransmitters further results in impaired cognitive memory formation. Formed cognitive impairment was reversed with the help of probiotic microorganisms. The present study explored the positive role of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus fermentum in the reversal of non-periodontal microorganisms (NPMs) induced cognitive impairment. For identifying the effect of L. fermentum on the reversal of cognitive impairment, a three-phased behavioral analysis was used in the study. Behavioral studies were carried out for all experimental groups in different scenarios including a serene habituated environment with NPMs infusions and with L. fermentum infusions. Behavioral responses showed that a stress-free habituated environment plays a major role in the development of cognitive memory during the initial phase of behavioral analysis (IPBA). In mid phase of behavioral analysis (MPBA), IPBA-formed cognitive memory was impaired by the infusions of NPMs. Collective behavioral analysis proved that probiotic oral infusions in final phase of behavioral analysis (FPBA) played a major role in the reversal of induced cognitive impairment in experimental groups that received oral infusions of NPMs.