Epidemiologia y características clínicas de los tumores vesicales registrados en un hospital de referencia de la Península de Yucatán

Introduction: in Mexico, bladder tumors rank fourth in urological tumor presentation, accounting for 14.4 % of cases, following prostate, testicular, and kidney cancer. The male-to-female ratio is 3.8:1. Bladder cancer is one of the main causes of consultation in patients with macroscopic hematuria and clot formation. Therefore, it should always be considered as an exclusion diagnosis in these patients due to its potential progression and impact on morbidity and mortality if detected in advanced stages. Objectives: to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of registered cases of bladder cancer in the urology department. Materials and methods: this is a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study that will evaluate the medical records of patients with registered cases of bladder cancer in the Urology Department of the Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Península de Yucatán in Mexico, from from January 2017 to July 2021. Results: of total 453 genitourinary tumors, 15.62 %, 29 patients with bladder tumor and a 4-year medical follow-up were included, bladder tumor is predominantly found in men with a male-to-female ratio of 3.83 men per woman. The mean age at diagnosis is 65 years. Among modifiable risk factors, smoking is the main factor affecting 44.8 % of the cases. According to the histological classification, the predominant subtype was urothelial carcinoma. The average time from symptom onset to medical attention by the patients was 11.9 months. T4 stage was detected in 27.59 % of the cases, with a mortality rate of 6.9 %. Conclusion: bladder cancer is one of the three most common urological cancers, affecting the quality of life and with a high morbidity and mortality when detected at advanced stages, requiring aggressive surgical procedures with a high risk of complications.