Unraveling the Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Alzheimer's Disease

Neurobiology provides profound insights into studying the molecular, cellular and systemic levels of pathophysiological processes, risk factors and potential therapeutic avenues associated with various neurodegenerative disorders. Alzheimer's disease (AMD) is a globally significant condition primarily affecting the elderly, necessitates an understanding of its connection to the nervous system. AMD poses a persistent challenge as an enigmatic neurodegenerative disorder impacting millions of people worldwide. Genetic approaches for the treatment and diagnosis of AMD offer distinct advantages compared to traditional treatments. This review shifts the spotlight to the intriguing realm of non-coding RNAs and their pivotal role in AMD pathogenesis. Non-coding RNAs constitute diverse class of RNAs which do not involve in protein synthesis but take significant part in regulation of genes and cellular mechanisms. In recent years, emerging research has unveiled the substantial influence of various non-coding RNAs including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs, in the complex landscape of AMD. Non-coding RNAs have gained significant attention with their roles in mediating AMD-associated processes such as synaptic plasticity, amyloid precursor protein metabolism and oxidative stress. This review delves into the multifaceted functions of non-coding RNAs in AMD, shedding light on their regulatory mechanisms, their involvement in disease progression and their promise as diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets.