Numerical study of mixed convection generated by the partial movement of the lid of a cavity filled with a porous medium

The paper suggests a beneficial modification related to the thermal systems that move through walls (typically called a lid-driven cavity) by introducing a partial movement of a boundary wall. Mixed convection is investigated in a cavity filled with porous medium using Finite Volume Method (FVM), the horizontal walls are insulated, while the vertical walls maintain constant temperatures and a portion of the top wall (lid) is moving from right to left at a steady velocity. Mixed convection was investigated for three different lengths (0.25, 0.33, and 0.5) using Darcy numbers ranging from 1e-7 to 1e-1 and Richardson numbers of 0.1, 1, and 10. The obtained results indicate that the heat transfer decreases when the Richardson number increases. In addition, the flow structure inside the cavity is strongly affected by the length of the movable portion of the lid; it can be utilized to control the shape and size of vortex.