Temporal Reflection from Ultrashort Solitons in Nonlinear Dispersive Medium: Impact of Raman Scattering

This review focuses on phenomena such as temporal reflection, total internal reflection, and waveguiding from ultrashort solitons forming inside a nonlinear dispersive medium such as an optical fiber. The case of wider solitons, moving at a constant speed inside the fiber, is discussed first to introduce the basic concepts. In the case of short solitons, the phenomenon of intrapulse Raman scattering shifts their spectrum toward longer wavelengths and decelerates them as they propagate through an optical fiber. These features lead to several novel effects such as temporal focusing and waveguiding by a single variable-speed Raman soliton. Recent experimental results are also discussed in this context.