Development of monoclonal antibodies against <i>P. gingivalis</i> Mfa1 and their protective capacity in an experimental periodontitis model

Fimbriae (pili) play an important role in bacterial adhesion, invasion of host cells and tissues, and formation of biofilms. Studies have shown that two types of fimbriae of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, FimA and Mfa1, are important for colonization and infection through their binding to host tissues and other bacteria. While anti-FimA antibodies have been shown to improve periodontitis, the effect of anti-Mfa1 antibodies on <i>P. gingivalis</i> infection and periodontitis was previously unknown. In this study, we report for the first time that anti-Mfa1 monoclonal antibodies can reduce <i>P. gingivalis</i> infection and improve periodontitis. These findings suggest that Mfa1 represents a promising therapeutic target, and the development of anti-Mfa1 mAbs holds a potential as essential diagnostic and adjunctive therapeutic tools for managing <i>P. gingivalis</i>-related diseases.