OBTAINING A COMPOSITE MATERIAL "SPHERICAL GRAPHITE – SnO2»

In this article, a study was conducted on the process of obtaining a composite material “spherical graphite – tin oxide”, with the aim of its further application as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. The composite was obtained by impregnating spherical graphite with an aqueous alcohol solution of SnCl4 followed by thermal destruction. The influence of the parameters of the specific consumption of tin chloride on the physico-chemical and electrochemical properties of the composite is studied. The inclusion of tin dioxide in the composition of the obtained samples was confirmed by methods of X-ray phase analysis and X-ray energy dispersion spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric method has established that an increase in the specific consumption of SnCl4 from 1.7 to 3.5 g per gram of spherical graphite leads to an increase in the content of SnO2 in the sample from 2.6 to 6.9 wt%. The degree of conversion of tin chloride into oxide decreased from 52 to 33%. The uniformity of the resulting tin dioxide cover on spherical graphite particles has been studied by constructing energy dispersion maps of the distribution of elements. This method confirms the formation of a composite material with a core-shell structure, where spherical graphite particles serve as the core and SnO2 nanoparticles serve as the shell. A uniform coating was observed, and there were no separate oxide particles loose on graphite. X-ray diffraction analysis of composites showed that at a specific consumption of SnCl4 from 3.5 g/g, an increase in the size of coherent scattering regions for tin oxide particles is observed, which indicates an increase in their size. In addition, modification of spherical graphite with tin oxide leads to an increase in the specific surface area from 8.4 to 13.6 m2/g, which can lead to a decrease in the original Coulomb efficiency of the composite material. Electrochemical tests of the lithium-ion battery prototype have shown that when the SnO2 content in the composite is 6.9%, there is an increase in the specific capacity of the anode material by 111 mA∙h/g. For citation: Bratkov I.V., Ivanov A.D., Kolchin A.D., Savitskiy I.A. Obtaining a composite material "spherical graphite – SnO2». ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2025. V. 68. N 1. P. 55-62. DOI: 10.6060/ivkkt.20256801.7099.