XIST as a modulator of chemotherapy resistance in cancers

Objective: This study aimed to summarize the main evidence highlighting XIST as a modulator of chemotherapy resistance in different tumor types. Methods: A literature review was conducted, selecting studies that correlate XIST with resistance to antineoplastic drugs. Bioinformatics tools, including NcPathName to identify target genes and the CIViC platform to associate these genes with chemoresistance, were used to investigate the role of XIST in different types of cancer. Results: XIST regulates genes associated with chemoresistance, such as PTEN, CDKN1A, CFLAR, MDM2, and ZEB1, which are involved in essential chemoresistance pathways. The interaction between XIST and these genes suggests specific molecular mechanisms behind resistance to agents like 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer. The literature suggests that XIST knockdown may be a promising strategy to overcome chemotherapy resistance. Final considerations: This study highlights the importance of exploring lncRNAs like XIST to better understand the mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance and develop more effective therapeutic approaches.