Role of International Academy of Cytology Yokohama reporting system in breast lesions at tertiary care centre in Central India

Abstract Background The International Academy of Cytology (I.A.C.) Yokohama System to report breast cytopathology can effectively categorize breast diseases into different cytological groups. Fine needle aspiration (FNAC) from the lesions in the breast has been regarded as a major method of diagnosing breast cancer, particularly in rural settings. The major purpose of this study was to validate the diagnostic accuracy of breast FNA utilizing the IAC Yokohama system in future endurances. Histopathological examination is considered the gold standard for diagnosing benign as well as malignant breast lesions and is compared with FNA results. Material and methods Research on patients getting a core-needle, incisional, or excisional biopsy of breast lesions between January 1st, 2021, and December 31st, 2021, was conducted at a tertiary care center in central India. 216 breast FNAs were recorded utilizing the IAC Yokohama system, and the most appropriate category was assigned for every case and correlated with histopathology to evaluate the effectiveness of IAC system. Results The new "International Academy of Cytology (IAC) Yokohama system" was used to categorize 216 patients into five categories based on the cytologic diagnosis. Those were C1: insufficient material (8.7%), C2: benign (65.7%), C3: atypical (1.8%), C4: suspicious of malignancy (2.7%), and C5: malignant (20.8%). FNACs were associated with ancillary testing and histological diagnosis to examine diagnostic accuracy. The overall Specificity, sensitivity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, and accuracy were calculated with the risk of malignancy. Conclusion With high specificity and sensitivity for each type of situation, for all tumors, and for each analyzed BI-RADS category, the IAC Yokohama system provides excellent accuracy for breast FNA .