Development of Master-Slave Structured BMS Simulation Model

This paper proposes a simulation model of a master-slave structured battery management system (BMS) based on MATLAB/SIMULINK. The proposed model consists of a battery module model, a slave BMS model, and a master BMS model. The battery module model is made by connecting 11 cell models in series, with each cell model represented by a table-based battery block using the Thevenin equivalent circuit for nickel cobalt manganese (NCM) batteries. The slave BMS model consists of 11 circuit models combined with voltage monitoring and passive cell balancing for individual cells and a current sensor model for the battery module. In the master BMS model, both the passive cell balancing algorithm and the state of charge (SOC) estimation algorithm are implemented in code using MATLAB function blocks. The proposed BMS model is simulated at the system level in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. Through the proposed model, the minimum voltage-based cell balancing algorithm, SOC estimation algorithm using enhanced coulomb counting (ECC), and BMS circuits were effectively verified.